삼성전자가 TSMC에 밀리고 있다는 얘기가 나온다. 자체모바일 AP 성능이 미디어텍AP 보다 떨어진다는 망신을 당하고 있기도 하다.
파운드리는 기본적으로 다품종 소량생산이다. 여러 제품을 조금 만 생산해 고객사에 넘긴다는 의미다. 테스트는 어떨까?
예를 들어 웨이퍼 12인치 10장 물량의 주문이 들어왔다 가정하고, 웨이퍼 한 장당 칩이 1300개 나오는데 그 중에 굿칩이 1000개 나온다 치면, 원가라는 게 계산된다. 파운드리 영업은 그렇게 해서 물량을 받아왔다.
그런데, 영업파트에서 주문을 받아왔는데, 팹에 10장을 투입했더니 한 장당 1000개의 굿칩이 나온게 아니라 500개만 나왔다. 그러면 10장을 더 투입해야 한다. 그러면 손해다.
램프업 얘기가 나온다. 메모리 장사를 오랬동안 해왔던 터라 "양산에 문제가 조금 생겼다"란 말도 나온다. 파운드리에서 양산문제란다.
조금 우스운 얘기다. 애초에 대량물량을 싣지 말아야 한다. 초기생산 과정에서 수율이 안좋았다면 말이다. 이를 양산과정에서 바로잡겠다고 밀어붙이는 게 문제다.
일단 웨이퍼를 들이밀면 고정적인 비용이 확정된다. 그래서 수율이 20%쯤 밖에 나오지 않는 걸 양산하면서 높일 수 있다고 하는 건 메모리 얘기다.
그런데 메모리는 패턴이 '카피앤페이스트'다. 요즘 문제가 되고 있는 모바일AP는 어떠한가? 아마도 블랙박스처리되어 있을거다. 단지 입출력포트에서 나오는 타이밍만 보고 있을 것이고 말이다.
당연한 거 아닌가? 그렇다면 팹에 물량을 싣는 방식이 달라야 한다. 해볼만하다며 20% 겨우 굿칩이 나오는데 물량을 1만장 단위로 밀어넣을 게 아니란 얘기다.
안은 안보이고 겉에서 넣어보고 반응을 살펴 굿칩인지 아닌지 아는 것이라면 테스트파트가 좀 달라야 한다. 메모리와 당연히 달라야 하는 것이다.
메모리를 만들었던 사람들이 뭔가 하려니 큰 흐름에서 대량생산에서 과거 메모리를 했던 방식으로 접근하려니 문제가 커져가는 것이다.
양산에 큰물량 싣어 수백억 까먹지 말일이다. 돈만 나가고 안에 쌓이는 건 없으니 말이다.
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